Papillons (butterflies), Op. 2, is a suite of piano pieces written in 1831 by Schumann. Meant to represent a masked ball, the suite begins with a very brief introduction, followed by a variety of dance movements. Schumann made use of pragramatic elements, quoting the first material in the finale, which also uses the theme of the traditional Grandfather's Dance, which was always played at the end of celebrations. Repeated notes at the end of the piece may suggest a clock striking the end of the ball. Schumann quoted themes from Papillons in his later work, Carnaval, Op. 9, but none of them appear in the section of that work titled "Papillons". The main waltz theme from the first movement in Papillons was quoted in the section "Florestan", with an explicit acknowledgment written in the score, and again in the final section, "Marche des Davidsbündler contre les Philistins", but without acknowledgment. The Grandfather Dance also appears in the final section, with the inscription "Thème du XVIIème siècle".
