Ludwig Engländer was an Austrian-born American composer of more than 30 musicals. According to his obituary in the New York Times he had studied with Jacques Offenbach. He immigrated to New York City on October 13, 1882, and became a naturalized American citizen on February 13, 1891. By the 1890s Engländer was composing prolifically, either for the New York stage, or popular songs (many of which were interpolated into various other productions, such as A Trip to Chinatown. Already by 1903 he had come in for criticism of his Teutonic sound. Perhaps for that reason he occasionally returned to Vienna near the end of his life to write musicals for that audience. The year before he died he is listed as having residence in Vienna. At the time of his death he was living in Far Rockaway, Queens with his sister