Indigo und die vierzig Räuber (Indigo and the Forty Thieves) is the name of an operetta composed by Johann Strauss II to a German libreto by Maximilian Steiner. The text was based on "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves", one of the most popular tales from the Book of One Thousand and One Nights. The operetta was premired in 1871 in Vienna and the general reception was mixed. It was re-staged several times in the following years and, after Strauss' death, it was completely reworked by Max Steiner. The new version, premiered in 1906, was called One Thousand and One Nights (previous titles included ' Queen Indigo' and 'A Night on the Bosphorus'). The title 'One Thousand and One Nights' was also used by Strauss in a waltz (Op. 346) that drew melodies from the original stage work.
